A aikace, ɗaukar lalacewa ko gazawa galibi shine sakamakon haɗuwar hanyoyin gazawa da yawa.Dalilin gazawar ɗaukar nauyi na iya kasancewa saboda shigarwa mara kyau ko kiyayewa, lahani a cikin masana'anta da abubuwan da ke kewaye;a wasu lokuta, yana iya kasancewa saboda rage farashi ko gazawar yin hasashen daidai yanayin yanayin aiki.

Surutu da Jijjiga

Ƙunƙarar zamewa.Abubuwan da ke haifar da zamewa Idan nauyin ya yi ƙanƙanta, ƙarfin wutan da ke cikin bear ɗin zai yi ƙanƙanta don fitar da abubuwan da ke jujjuyawa, yana haifar da abubuwan da ke jujjuyawa akan titin tsere.Matsakaicin nauyin ɗaukar nauyi: ƙwallon ƙwallon P/C = 0.01;nadi mai ɗauke da P/C=0.02.Dangane da wannan matsala, matakan da aka ɗauka sun haɗa da yin amfani da preload axial (preload spring-ball bearing);idan ya cancanta, ya kamata a yi gwajin lodi, musamman don ɗigon nadi na cylindrical, don tabbatar da cewa yanayin gwajin yana kusa da ainihin yanayin aiki;inganta lubrication A ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi, ƙara yawan man shafawa na iya rage raguwa na ɗan lokaci (a wasu aikace-aikacen);yi amfani da baƙar fata bearings, amma kada a rage amo;zaɓi bearings tare da ƙananan ƙarfin kaya.

Lalacewar shigarwa.Ƙunƙarar saman da ke haifar da tsarin shigarwa zai haifar da hayaniya lokacin da nauyin ke gudana kuma ya zama farkon rashin nasara.Wannan matsalar ta fi zama ruwan dare a cikin raƙuman ginshiƙan da za a iya raba su.Don hana faruwar irin waɗannan matsalolin, an ba da shawarar kada a turawa a cikin ɗigon cylindrical kai tsaye a lokacin shigarwa, amma a hankali juya baya da turawa, wanda zai iya rage zamewar dangi;Hakanan yana yiwuwa a yi hannun rigar jagora, wanda zai iya guje wa tsarin shigarwa yadda ya kamata.ta bugu.Don ƙwanƙwasa ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa mai zurfi, ana amfani da ƙarfin haɓakawa a kan zoben da aka ƙulla, da guje wa haɓakawa ta hanyar abubuwan da ke motsawa.

Ƙarya ta Brinell.Alamar matsalar ita ce filin tseren yana da abubuwan da ba a iya gani ba kamar shigar da ba daidai ba, kuma akwai ɗimbin ɗimbin ɗimbin yawa kusa da babban abin shigar.Kuma wannan nisa daga abin nadi.Wannan yawanci saboda rawar jiki.Babban dalili shi ne cewa motar tana cikin wani yanayi mai tsayi na dogon lokaci ko kuma lokacin sufuri mai nisa, kuma ƙaramar ƙaramar ƙararrawar jijjiga na dogon lokaci yana haifar da lalatawar hanyar tsere.Ma'auni na rigakafi shine cewa gyaran motar motar yana buƙatar ƙara haɓaka lokacin da aka haɗa motar a cikin masana'anta.Don motocin da ba a yi amfani da su na dogon lokaci ba, ya kamata a yi kullun bearings akai-akai.

Shigar da eccentric.Shigar da eccentric bearing zai ƙara danniya lamba, da kuma sauƙi kai ga gogayya tsakanin keji da ferrule da abin nadi yayin aiki, haifar da amo da rawar jiki.Abubuwan da ke haifar da wannan matsala sun haɗa da lanƙwasa, ɓarke ​​​​a kan sanda ko kuma a kafaɗar gidajen da aka ɗaure, zaren da ke kan shaft ko ƙulle waɗanda ba su cika danne fuskar mai ɗauri ba, rashin daidaituwa da sauransu don hana faruwar wannan matsala. , Ana iya warware shi ta hanyar duba gudu na shaft da wurin zama mai ɗaukar nauyi, sarrafa shinge da zaren a lokaci guda, ta amfani da madaidaicin madaidaicin ƙwaya, da kuma amfani da kayan aiki na tsakiya.

Maganin shafawa mara kyau.Baya ga haifar da hayaniya, rashin kyaun man shafawa na iya lalata hanyar tsere.Ciki har da illar rashin isassun man shafawa, ƙazanta da maiko mai tsufa.Matakan rigakafin sun haɗa da zabar mai mai da ya dace, zabar abin da ya dace, da tsara zagayowar man mai da ya dace da adadin.

Wasan axial yayi girma da yawa.Ƙimar axial na ƙwallo mai zurfi mai zurfi ya fi girma fiye da radial, kusan sau 8 zuwa 10.A cikin tsari na biyu mai zurfi mai zurfi ball bearings, ana amfani da preload na bazara don rage amo da ke haifar da sharewa a farkon matakin aiki;ya isa don tabbatar da cewa 1 ~ 2 abubuwan mirgina ba a damu ba.Ƙarfin ƙaddamarwa ya kamata ya kai 1-2% na ƙididdige nauyi mai ƙarfi Cr, kuma ana buƙatar daidaita ƙarfin preload daidai bayan canje-canjen sharewar farko.