Gyaran samfur
Samfurin asali na injin stepper ya samo asali ne a ƙarshen 1930s daga 1830 zuwa 1860. Tare da haɓaka kayan maganadisu na dindindin da fasahar semiconductor, injin stepper ya haɓaka da sauri kuma ya girma.A karshen shekarun 1960, kasar Sin ta fara yin bincike da kera injinan stepper.Daga nan har zuwa karshen shekarun 1960, ya kasance ’yan tsirarun kayayyakin da jami’o’i da cibiyoyin bincike suka samar don nazarin wasu na’urori.A farkon shekarun 1970 ne aka sami ci gaba a samarwa da bincike.Daga tsakiyar 70s zuwa tsakiyar 1980s, ya shiga matakin ci gaba, kuma ana ci gaba da haɓaka samfuran manyan ayyuka daban-daban.Tun daga tsakiyar shekarun 1980, sakamakon bunkasuwa da bunkasuwa na injinan stepper na zamani, fasahohin na'urorin injin din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din duniya na kasar Sin (Hybrid stepper Motors) da suka hada da fasahar jiki da fasahar tuki, sannu a hankali sun kai matsayin masana'antun kasashen waje.Motoci iri-iri na matasan stepper Aikace-aikacen samfur don direbobinsa suna ƙaruwa.
A matsayin mai kunnawa, injin stepper yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman samfuran injiniyoyi kuma ana amfani dashi ko'ina a cikin kayan aikin sarrafa kansa daban-daban.Motar da ke hawa mataki ce mai sarrafa madauki mai buɗe ido wanda ke canza siginonin bugun jini zuwa matsuguni na kusurwa ko madaidaiciya.Lokacin da direban mai takun ya sami siginar bugun jini, yana motsa motar da za ta yi jujjuya kafaffen kusurwa (watau kusurwar mataki) a inda aka saita.Ana iya sarrafa ƙaurawar angular ta hanyar sarrafa adadin bugun jini, don cimma manufar daidaitawa daidai.Hybrid stepper motor ne mai stepper motor tsara ta hada da abũbuwan amfãni na dindindin maganadisu da amsawa.An kasu kashi biyu, kashi uku da filaye biyar.Matsakaicin mataki na mataki biyu gabaɗaya digiri 1.8 ne.Matsakaicin mataki mai mataki uku gabaɗaya digiri 1.2 ne.

Yadda yake aiki
Tsarin injin stepper na matasan ya sha bamban da na injin mai amsawa.Stator da rotor na matasan stepper motor duk an haɗa su, yayin da stator da rotor na matasan stepper motor suka kasu kashi biyu kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.Ana kuma rarraba ƙananan hakora a saman.
Ramin biyu na stator suna da kyau a matsayi, kuma ana shirya windings akan su.An nuna a sama akwai injuna 4-biyu-biyu, waɗanda 1, 3, 5, da 7 sune igiyoyin maganadisu A-phase winding, kuma 2, 4, 6, da 8 sune igiyoyin maganadisu na lokaci-B.Wuraren igiyar maganadisu na kusa da kowane lokaci suna rauni a gaba dayan kwatance don samar da rufaffiyar da'irar maganadisu kamar yadda aka nuna a x da y a cikin adadi na sama.
Halin lokaci na B yayi kama da na lokaci A. Ramin guda biyu na na'ura mai juyi suna jujjuyawa da rabin farar (duba Hoto 5.1.5), kuma an haɗa tsakiyar ta da ƙarfe mai kama da zobe na dindindin.Haƙoran sassan biyu na rotor suna da kishiyar sandunan maganadisu.Bisa ga ka'ida ta injin mai amsawa, muddin motar tana da kuzari a cikin tsari na ABABA ko ABABA, motar stepper na iya ci gaba da juyawa a kusa da agogo ko agogo.
Babu shakka, duk hakora a kan kashi ɗaya na rotor ruwan wukake suna da polarity iri ɗaya, yayin da polarities na sassan rotor guda biyu na sassa daban-daban sun saba.Bambanci mafi girma tsakanin matasan stepper motor da mai amsawa stepper motor shi ne cewa lokacin da magnetized m abu ne demagnetized, za a yi oscillation batu da mataki-fita yankin.
Na'urar jujjuyawar injin stepper na matasan matattarar maganadisu ce, don haka karfin juzu'in da ake samu a karkashin wannan na'urar stator yanzu ya fi girma fiye da na injin stepper mai amsawa, kuma kusurwar matakinsa yawanci karami ne.Don haka, kayan aikin injin CNC na tattalin arziki gabaɗaya suna buƙatar tukin motar matasan Stepper.Duk da haka, matasan na'ura mai juyi yana da tsari mai rikitarwa da kuma babban rashin ƙarfi na rotor, kuma saurinsa ya yi ƙasa da na motar motsa jiki mai amsawa.

Tsari da gyaran tuƙi
Akwai da yawa na cikin gida masana'antun stepper Motors, kuma su aiki ka'idojin iri daya ne.Mai zuwa yana ɗaukar motar motsa jiki mai hawa biyu na gida 42B Y G2 50C da direbanta SH20403 a matsayin misali don gabatar da tsari da hanyar tuki na injin stepper na matasan.[2]
Tsarin Motar Matasan stepper mai hawa biyu
A cikin sarrafa masana'antu, ana iya amfani da wani tsari tare da ƙananan hakora a kan sandunan stator da adadi mai yawa na hakora kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 1, kuma za'a iya yin ƙananan matakansa.Hoto na 1 biyu

Tsarin tsari na injin motsa jiki na zamani, da zane na wayoyi na motsin motsi a cikin siffa 2, iska mai hawa biyu na A da B sun rabu cikin lokaci-lokaci a cikin jagorar radial, kuma akwai sandunan maganadisu 8 masu fitowa tare da su. kewaye da stator.Sandunan maganadisu 7 suna cikin iskan A-lokaci, kuma 2, 4, 6, da 8 igiyoyin maganadisu suna cikin iskar B-phase.Akwai hakora 5 akan kowane sandar sandar saman stator, kuma akwai iskar sarrafawa akan jikin sandar.Rotor ya ƙunshi ƙarfe na maganadisu mai siffar zobe da sassa biyu na muryoyin ƙarfe.Ƙarfe mai siffa mai siffar zobe yana magnetized a cikin axial shugabanci na rotor.Ana shigar da sassan biyu na muryoyin baƙin ƙarfe a ƙarshen biyu na ƙarfe na maganadisu, ta yadda rotor ya kasu kashi biyu na maganadisu a cikin axial shugabanci.Hakora 50 suna rarraba daidai gwargwado akan tushen rotor.Ƙananan hakora a kan sassan biyu na ainihin suna da raguwa da rabi na farar.Farar da faɗin kafaffen rotor iri ɗaya ne.

Tsarin aiki na injin motsa jiki mai hawa biyu
Lokacin da iska mai sarrafa kashi biyu ya zagaya wutar lantarki a tsari, iska ɗaya kawai ake samun kuzari a kowane bugun, kuma bugun huɗu ya zama zagaye.Lokacin da wani halin yanzu ya wuce ta hanyar iska mai sarrafawa, ana haifar da ƙarfin magnetomotive, wanda ke hulɗa tare da ƙarfin magnetomotive da aka samar da karfen maganadisu na dindindin don samar da karfin wutar lantarki kuma ya sa na'urar ta yi motsi ta mataki-mataki.Lokacin da iskar A-phase ɗin ya sami kuzari, sandar Magnetic S da aka samar ta hanyar iska akan rotor N matsananciyar sandar 1 tana jan sandar rotor N, ta yadda igiyar maganadisu 1 ta zama haƙori-zuwa haƙori, kuma ana jagorantar layin filin maganadisu. daga rotor N zuwa saman hakori na Magnetic pole 1, da Magnetic pole 5 Haƙori-zuwa haƙori, Magnetic sandal 3 da 7 haƙori-zuwa tsagi, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 4
图 A-lokaci mai ƙarfi rotor N matsananci tsarin ma'auni na rotor.Domin ƙananan haƙoran da ke sassan sassan biyu na rotor core suna jujjuyawa da rabin farar, a sandar S na rotor, filin maganadisu na S wanda igiyoyin maganadisu 1 'da 5' suka haifar da S pole na rotor. wanda yake daidai hakori-zuwa ramuwa tare da rotor, da sandar 3 ' Kuma saman haƙori na 7' yana haifar da filin maganadisu na N-pole, wanda ke jawo S-pole na rotor, don haka haƙoran suna fuskantar hakora.Tsarin ma'aunin rotor N-pole da S-pole rotor ma'auni lokacin da iskar A-lokacin ke da kuzari yana nunawa a hoto na 3.

Domin rotor yana da hakora 50 a jimlace, kusurwar filinsa shine 360 ​​° / 50 = 7.2 °, kuma adadin haƙoran da kowane sandar sandar ya mamaye ba lamba ba ce.Saboda haka, lokacin da A lokaci na stator ya sami kuzari, N sanda na rotor, da sandar sandar 1 Haƙoran guda biyar suna gaba da haƙoran rotor, da hakora biyar na igiyar maganadisu 2 na zangon B suna jujjuya kusa da su. haƙoran rotor suna da rashin daidaituwa na 1/4, watau, 1.8 °.Inda aka zana da'irar, hakora na A-lokaci Magnetic iyakacin duniya 3 da na'ura mai juyi za a raba 3.6 °, da kuma hakora za a hada kai tare da tsagi.
Layin filin maganadisu rufaffiyar lanƙwasa ne tare da N-ƙarshen rotor → A (1) S igiyar maganadisu → zoben maganadisu → A (3 ') N igiyar maganadisu → rotor S-end → rotor N-end.Lokacin da aka kashe Phase A kuma lokacin B yana da kuzari, Magnetic Pole 2 yana haifar da N polarity, kuma S pole rotor 7 hakora mafi kusa da shi ana jan hankalinsa, ta yadda mai rotor yana juya 1.8 ° agogon agogo don cimma igiyar maganadisu 2 da haƙoran rotor zuwa hakora. , B A lokaci na ci gaba na stator hakora na lokaci winding aka nuna a cikin siffa 5, a wannan lokaci, Magnetic iyakacin duniya 3 da rotor hakora suna da 1/4 pitch misalignment.
Ta hanyar kwatankwacin, idan an ci gaba da ƙarfafawa a cikin tsari na bugun guda huɗu, mai jujjuyawar yana jujjuya mataki-mataki zuwa wajen agogo.Duk lokacin da aka yi ƙarfin kuzari, kowane bugun jini yana juyawa ta hanyar 1.8 °, wanda ke nufin kusurwar mataki shine 1.8 °, kuma rotor yana juyawa sau ɗaya yana buƙatar 360 ° / 1.8 ° = 200 bugun jini (duba Figures 4 da 5).

Haka abin yake a ƙarshen ƙarshen rotor S. Lokacin da haƙoran da ke jujjuya su ke gaba da haƙora, igiyoyin maganadisu na lokaci ɗaya kusa da shi suna kuskure da 1.8 °.3 Direban Motar Stepper Motar dole ne ya kasance yana da direba da mai sarrafawa don yin aiki akai-akai.Matsayin direban shine rarraba nau'ikan bugun jini a cikin zobe da ƙara ƙarfi, ta yadda za a sami kuzarin iska na injin stepper a wani takamaiman tsari don sarrafa jujjuyawar motar.Direban stepper motor 42BYG250C shine SH20403.Domin 10V ～ 40V DC samar da wutar lantarki, A +, A-, B +, da B- tashoshi dole ne a haɗa da hudu jagororin na stepper motor.Ana haɗa tashoshi na DC + da DC zuwa wutar lantarki ta direba.Da'irar dubawar shigarwa ta haɗa da tashar gama gari (haɗa zuwa tabbataccen tasha na tashar shigar da wutar lantarki)., Inpent sigina (shigar da jerin kungiyoyi, shigarwar siginar da aka yi (iya gane shi da kyau kuma ba a iya juyawa da matattarar matakai ba), shigarwar sigina.
Benefitsedit
Motar matattakala ta kasu kashi biyu, matakai uku da matakai biyar: kusurwar mataki na mataki biyu gabaɗaya digiri ne 1.8 kuma kusurwar mataki mai mataki biyar gabaɗaya digiri ne 0.72.Tare da karuwar matakin mataki, an rage girman matakin, kuma an inganta daidaito.An fi amfani da wannan injin mataki.Hybrid stepper Motors hada da abũbuwan amfãni daga duka biyu reactive da dindindin magnet stepper Motors: yawan iyakacin duniya nau'i-nau'i ne daidai da adadin na'ura mai juyi hakora, wanda za a iya bambanta a kan fadi da kewayon kamar yadda ake bukata;iskar inductance ya bambanta da
Canjin matsayi na rotor ƙananan ne, mai sauƙi don cimma nasarar sarrafa aiki mafi kyau;axial magnetization Magnetic circuit, ta yin amfani da sabon m maganadisu kayan aiki tare da babban Magnetic makamashi samfurin, shi ne m ga inganta motor yi;rotor Magnetic karfe samar da tashin hankali;babu firgita bayyananne.[3]