Idan aka kwatanta da na'urorin motsa jiki na lantarki na gargajiya, injinan maganadisu na dindindin, musamman ma'adinan magnet ɗin da ba kasafai ba, suna da tsari mai sauƙi da ingantaccen aiki.Ƙananan ƙararrawa da nauyin nauyi;Ƙananan hasara da babban inganci;Siffar da girman motar na iya zama mai sassauƙa da bambanta.Saboda haka, kewayon aikace-aikacen yana da faɗi sosai, kusan a duk faɗin filayen sararin samaniya, tsaron ƙasa, masana'antu da samar da noma da rayuwar yau da kullun.Babban fasali da aikace-aikace na yawancin injunan maganadisu na dindindin an gabatar dasu a ƙasa.
1. Idan aka kwatanta da na gargajiya janareta, rare duniya m maganadisu synchronous janareta ba sa bukatar zamewa zobba da goga na'urorin, tare da sauki tsari da kuma rage gazawar kudi.Magnet ɗin dindindin na duniya da ba kasafai ba kuma yana iya haɓaka ƙarancin iskar maganadisu, ƙara saurin motar zuwa ƙimar mafi kyau da haɓaka ƙimar iko-zuwa taro.Rare duniya dindindin janareta na maganadisu kusan duk ana amfani da su a cikin jirgin sama da kuma aerospace janareta na zamani.Samfuran sa na yau da kullun sune 150 kVA 14-pole 12 000 r/min ~ 21 000 r/min da 100 kVA 60 000 r/min rare earth cobalt m magnet synchronous janareta kerarre ta General Electric Company of America.Motar maganadisu ta farko da ba kasafai ba ta duniya ta ɓullo da ita a China shine janareta na maganadisu na dindindin na 3 kW 20 000 r/min.
Hakanan ana amfani da na'urorin maganadisu na dindindin azaman masu haɓakawa don manyan turbo-generators.A cikin shekarun 1980, kasar Sin ta samu nasarar ƙera mafi girma mafi girma a duniya na wucin gadi na maganadisu na taimako mai karfin 40 kVA～160 kVA, kuma an sanye shi da injin turbo-generator mai karfin 200MW ~ 600MW, wanda ya inganta amincin aikin tashar wutar lantarki.
A halin yanzu, ƙananan injinan wutan lantarki da injinan konewa na ciki, da na'urar maganadisu na dindindin ga ababen hawa, da kuma ƙananan na'urori masu motsi na iska mai ƙarfi kai tsaye da ƙafafun iska ke tafiya a hankali suna yaɗuwa a hankali.
2. High-inganci m m maganadisu synchronous motor Idan aka kwatanta da induction motor, m maganadisu synchronous motor baya bukatar reactive excitation halin yanzu, wanda zai iya muhimmanci inganta ikon factor (har zuwa 1 ko ma capacitive), rage stator halin yanzu da stator juriya asarar, kuma babu wani asarar jan ƙarfe na rotor a lokacin aikin barga, don haka rage fan (ƙaramin ƙarfin injin zai iya cire fan) da asarar gogayya ta iska.Idan aka kwatanta da induction motor na ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai, ana iya ƙara ƙarfin aiki da maki 2 ~ 8 cikin ɗari.Haka kuma, injin ɗin da ke aiki tare da maganadisu na dindindin na iya kiyaye babban inganci da ƙimar wutar lantarki a cikin ƙimar ƙimar ƙimar 25% ~ 120%, wanda ke sa tasirin ceton kuzari ya zama abin ban mamaki yayin da yake gudana ƙarƙashin nauyi.Gabaɗaya, irin wannan motar tana sanye take da injin farawa akan na'ura mai juyi, wanda ke da ikon farawa kai tsaye a wani takamaiman mita da ƙarfin lantarki.A halin yanzu, an fi amfani dashi a cikin filayen mai, masana'anta da masana'antar fiber sinadarai, masana'antar yumbu da gilashi, fanfo da famfo tare da tsawon lokacin aiki na shekara-shekara, da sauransu.
Motar da ke aiki tare da NdFeB na dindindin magnet tare da inganci mai inganci da babban ƙarfin farawa da kansa wanda ƙasarmu ta haɓaka zai iya magance matsalar “babban keken doki” a aikace-aikacen filin mai.Matsakaicin farawa shine 50% ~ 100% ya fi girma fiye da na injin induction, wanda zai iya maye gurbin injin induction tare da lambar tushe mafi girma, kuma adadin ceton wutar yana kusan 20%.
A cikin masana'antar yadi, lokacin ɗaukar nauyi na inertia yana da girma, wanda ke buƙatar juzu'i mai ƙarfi.Madaidaicin ƙira na ƙirƙira ƙira mai ƙima, madaidaicin iyakacin iyaka, juriya na juriya, girman maganadisu na dindindin da jujjuyawar jujjuyawar injin maganadisu na dindindin na iya haɓaka aikin gogayya na injin maganadisu na dindindin da haɓaka aikace-aikacen sa a cikin sabbin masana'antar fiber da masana'anta.
fanfo da famfunan da ake amfani da su a manyan tashoshin wutar lantarki, ma’adinai, man fetur, sinadarai da sauran masana’antu manyan masu amfani da makamashi ne, amma inganci da ƙarfin injinan da ake amfani da su a halin yanzu ba su da yawa.Amfani da NdFeB maganadisu na dindindin ba kawai yana inganta inganci da ƙarfin wutar lantarki ba, yana adana makamashi, amma kuma yana da tsarin da ba shi da gogewa, wanda ke haɓaka amincin aiki.A halin yanzu, 1 120kW Magnet synchronous motor shine mafi girman ƙarfin asynchronous farawa mai inganci mai ƙarancin ƙasa na dindindin injin maganadisu.Ingancin sa shine mafi girma fiye da 96.5% (daidaitaccen ingantaccen injin injin shine 95%), kuma ikonsa shine 0.94, wanda zai iya maye gurbin motar yau da kullun tare da maki 1 ~ 2 wanda ya fi girma.
3. AC servo m maganadisu motor da brushless DC dindindin maganadisu motor yanzu ƙara amfani da m mitar wutar lantarki da AC motor samar da AC gudun kula da tsarin maimakon DC motor gudun kula da tsarin.A cikin injinan AC, saurin injin maganadisu na dindindin na atomatik yana kiyaye dangantaka ta dindindin tare da mitar samar da wutar lantarki yayin aikin barga, ta yadda za'a iya amfani da shi kai tsaye cikin tsarin sarrafa saurin mitar mai buɗewa.Irin wannan motar yawanci ana farawa ne ta hanyar haɓaka mitar mitar a hankali.Ba lallai ba ne don saita iska mai farawa a kan rotor, kuma an cire buroshi da commutator, don haka kulawa ya dace.
Motar maganadisu na dindindin mai daidaita kai ta ƙunshi injin maganadisu na dindindin wanda ke aiki ta hanyar mai sauya mitar da tsarin kula da madauki na matsayi na rotor, wanda ba wai kawai yana da kyakkyawan tsarin sarrafa saurin gudu na injin DC mai kuzari ba, amma kuma yana gane goge.Ana amfani dashi galibi a lokuta tare da daidaito mai ƙarfi da aminci, kamar jirgin sama, sararin samaniya, kayan aikin injin CNC, cibiyoyin injina, robots, motocin lantarki, kayan aikin kwamfuta, da sauransu.
A halin yanzu, NdFeB Magnet Magnet synchronous motor da tsarin tuki tare da fadi da kewayon gudu da Gao Heng ikon gudun rabo an ɓullo da, tare da gudun rabo na 1: 22 500 da iyaka gudun 9 000 r/min.Halayen babban inganci, ƙananan rawar jiki, ƙaramar amo da babban ƙarfin ƙarfi na injin maganadisu na dindindin sune mafi kyawun injina a cikin motocin lantarki, kayan aikin injin da sauran na'urorin tuƙi.
Tare da ci gaba da inganta yanayin rayuwar mutane, buƙatun kayan aikin gida suna karuwa kuma suna ƙaruwa.Alal misali, na'urar kwandishan gidan ba kawai babban mabukaci ba ne, amma har ma babban tushen amo.Yanayin haɓakarsa shine yin amfani da injin magnetin goga mara ƙarfi na DC tare da ƙa'idodin saurin stepless.Yana iya daidaitawa ta atomatik zuwa saurin da ya dace bisa ga canjin yanayin zafin jiki kuma yana aiki na dogon lokaci, rage yawan hayaniya da rawar jiki, yana sa mutane su ji daɗi, da kuma ceton 1/3 na wutar lantarki idan aka kwatanta da na'urar kwandishan ba tare da ka'idojin sauri ba.Sauran firji, injin wanki, masu tara ƙura, fanfo, da sauransu suna canzawa sannu a hankali zuwa injinan DC marasa gogewa.
4. Dindindin maganadisu DC motor DC motor rungumi dabi'ar m maganadisu na dindindin, wanda ba wai kawai yana riƙe da kyawawan ka'idoji na ƙa'ida ba da halayen injiniya na injin DC mai motsi na lantarki, amma kuma yana da halaye na tsari mai sauƙi da fasaha, ƙaramin ƙara, ƙarancin jan ƙarfe, babban amfani inganci, da dai sauransu saboda an bar iskar tashin hankali da hasarar tashin hankali.Sabili da haka, ana amfani da injin magnet na DC na dindindin daga kayan aikin gida, na'urorin lantarki masu ɗaukar hoto, kayan aikin lantarki zuwa daidaitaccen saurin da tsarin watsa matsayi waɗanda ke buƙatar kyakkyawan aiki mai ƙarfi.Daga cikin injunan micro DC da ke ƙarƙashin 50W, injinan magnet na dindindin suna lissafin 92%, yayin da waɗanda ke ƙasa da 10 W ke lissafin sama da 99%.
A halin yanzu, masana'antar kera motoci ta kasar Sin tana samun bunkasuwa cikin sauri, kuma masana'antar kera motoci ita ce mafi yawan masu amfani da injin din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din din "Magnet Motors), wadanda su ne muhimman abubuwan da ke cikin motoci.A cikin mota mai tsadar gaske, akwai motoci sama da 70 masu dalilai daban-daban, yawancinsu ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki ne na dindindin na lantarki na DC micromotors.Lokacin da NdFeB maganadisu na dindindin da gears na duniya ke amfani da injina na farawa don motoci da babura, ana iya rage ingancin injinan fara da rabi.
Rarraba Motocin Magnet na Dindindin
Akwai nau'ikan maganadisu na dindindin.Dangane da aikin motar, ana iya raba shi kusan kashi biyu: janareta na maganadisu na dindindin da injin maganadisu na dindindin.
Za'a iya raba na'urorin maganadisu na dindindin zuwa mashinan maganadisu na DC na dindindin da na'urar maganadisu na AC na dindindin.Motar maganadisu ta AC na dindindin tana nufin injin ɗin aiki tare da nau'i-nau'i da yawa tare da na'ura mai juyi maganadisu na dindindin, don haka galibi ana kiransa na dindindin magnet synchronous motor (PMSM).
Za'a iya raba na'urorin Magnet na Dindindin zuwa Injin Magnet brushless DC Motors da Permanent Magnet brushless DC Motors (BLDCM) idan an rarraba su gwargwadon ko akwai na'urorin wuta ko na'urorin sadarwa.
A zamanin yau, ka'idar da fasahar zamani na lantarki na lantarki suna haɓaka sosai a duniya.Tare da zuwan na'urorin lantarki, irin su MOSFET, IGBT da MCT, na'urorin sarrafawa sun sami canje-canje na asali.Tun lokacin da F. Blaceke ya gabatar da ka'idar kula da injin AC a cikin 1971, haɓaka fasahar sarrafa vector ya fara sabon zamani na sarrafa tuƙi na AC servo, kuma ana ci gaba da fitar da manyan na'urori masu ƙarfi daban-daban, suna ƙara haɓaka haɓakawa. na AC servo tsarin maimakon DC servo tsarin.Halin da ba makawa ne cewa tsarin AC-I servo ya maye gurbin tsarin servo na DC.Koyaya, injin magnetin synchronous na dindindin (PMSM) tare da sinusoidal baya emf da injin DC maras goge (BLIX ~) tare da trapezoidal baya emf tabbas zai zama babban jigon haɓaka tsarin AC servo mai girma saboda kyakkyawan aikinsu.